Secure text encryption with AES-256-GCM
AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is the most widely used symmetric encryption algorithm worldwide. It was adopted as a standard by the US government in 2001 and is used for security in military, financial, and commercial applications. AES-256-GCM provides maximum security with 256-bit key length and Galois/Counter Mode.
IV (Initialization Vector): A randomly generated value for each encryption operation. When the same text is encrypted with different IVs, it produces different results, preventing pattern analysis.
Salt: A random value used to derive cryptographic keys from your password. It prevents rainbow table attacks and ensures the same password produces different keys.
AES uses symmetric encryption (same key for encryption and decryption), while RSA uses asymmetric encryption (public and private key pair). AES is much faster and ideal for large data encryption. RSA is typically used for key exchange and digital signatures. In practice, the AES key is encrypted with RSA, then data is encrypted with AES (hybrid encryption).